research

Update: I’m adding a note here today (21 Nov 2017) to correct and clarify about these data. Mike Richardson pointed out to me that the “differences from plots irrigated to field capacity 2X or 6X / wk were small and not significant” in this experiment.

I use the terms surface hardness and surface firmness interchangeably, but I usually prefer surface hardness. In the report I prepared in August 2012 I included this figure, showing the relationship I measured between soil water content (using a Delta-T Device Theta Probe with 6 cm rods) and surface hardness (using a 500 g Clegg Impact Soil Tester).

The short answer is no, so long as sufficient potassium (K) is present in the soil. Cisar et al. looked at Tifway bermudagrass performance when the soil contained high amounts of sodium (Na).

@asianturfgrass many Japanese greenkeepers believe that syringing is effective to keep or lower leaf temperature. How do you think about it? — H.I.GK (@fc3s_13b) May 5, 2013 This question about lowering leaf temperature prompted an extensive discussion about the effectiveness of syringing greens.

There are four grasses in the image above (click on it to get a larger view). We are looking at Tifeagle and Novotek (both are Cynodon hybrids), Sea Isle Supreme (Paspalum vaginatum), and a fine-bladed zoysia, probably Zoysia pacifica.

When applying fertilizer to turfgrass plants, there are two general types of application: liquid and granular. Granular products are applied in a dry form, while liquid products are applied as a spray application.

One of the most interesting articles you can read about seashore paspalum and weeds in the climate of East and Southeast Asia is Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of the Weed Community in a Seashore Paspalum Turf by Xie et al.